Basic Chemistry Concepts

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Atom

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The smallest unit of matter that has the properties of an element. Made of a nucleus and electrons.

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Element

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A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. Elements are made up of atoms.

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Compound

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A substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

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Molecule

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A group of atoms held together by chemical bonds, can be of the same element or different elements.

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Periodic Table

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An arrangement of chemical elements based on their atomic number and recurring properties, providing an overview of all known elements.

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Atomic Number

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity on the periodic table.

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Chemical Symbol

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A shorthand representation of an element.

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Chemical Formula

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Shows the composition of a compound using element symbols and subscripts, showing the ratio of atoms.

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Coefficient

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The large number placed before the chemical symbol for formula that shows how many of that molecule is present.

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Subscript

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A small number or letter written just below and to the right of a letter or a number, shows the number of atoms of the element in that molecule.