Prehistory and Early Humans

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Prehistory

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The time period before written records.

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Anthropology

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The study of humans and their development, including human culture and human behavior.

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Hominid

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Early relatives of modern-day humans.

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Ancestor

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relatives or family members who lived in the past

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Australopithecus

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“Southern ape” and believed to be one of the first hominids capable of walking on two feet.

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Homo habilis

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“Handy man” and believed to be one of the first hominids to create stone tools.

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Homo erectus

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“Upright man” and believed to be the first hominid to walk on two feet full-time, learn to control fire, and migrate outside of Africa.

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Homo sapiens

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“Wise man” and the group including modern-day humans, which is believed to be the first hominid to develop language.

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Neanderthals

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The closest extinct hominid to humans, who lived across Europe and Central Asia, and are believed to be the first hominids to bury their dead.

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Lucy

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An Australopithecus whose remains are more than 3 million years old.