Front

What are Alkali Metals?

Back

Alkali Metals are the elements found in Group 1 of the periodic table. They are highly reactive, especially with water, and include lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr).

Front

What is a cation?

Back

A cation is a positively charged ion that forms when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Front

Why does Francium have the lowest ionization energy in Group 1?

Back

Francium has the lowest ionization energy because its one valence electron is far from the nucleus, requiring little energy to remove it.

Front

Which element is most likely to gain an electron?

Back

Fluorine is the most likely to gain an electron due to its high electronegativity and desire to achieve a full outer electron shell.

Front

What element is found in Group 5, Period 4?

Back

Vanadium (V) is the element located in Group 5, Period 4 of the periodic table.

Front

What are the characteristics of Halogens?

Back

Halogens are found in Group 17 of the periodic table. They are highly reactive nonmetals and include fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Front

What trend is observed in ionization energy across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

What trend is observed in atomic radius down a group?

Back

Atomic radius increases down a group because additional electron shells are added, making the atom larger.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.