Nursing Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Flashcard

Front

What is the normal range for potassium (K⁺) levels in the blood?

Back

The normal range for potassium (K⁺) levels is typically 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.

Front

What is hyperkalemia?

Back

Hyperkalemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of potassium (K⁺) in the blood, often above 5.0 mEq/L.

Front

What are the symptoms of hypokalemia?

Back

Symptoms of hypokalemia may include muscle weakness, cramping, fatigue, and arrhythmias.

Front

What is the primary function of sodium (Na⁺) in the body?

Back

Sodium (Na⁺) is essential for maintaining fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle function.

Front

What is hypernatremia?

Back

Hypernatremia is a condition where there is an excess of sodium (Na⁺) in the blood, often due to dehydration.

Front

What is the role of calcium (Ca²⁺) in the body?

Back

Calcium (Ca²⁺) is crucial for bone health, muscle contraction, and nerve signaling.

Front

What is the normal range for calcium (Ca²⁺) levels in the blood?

Back

The normal range for calcium (Ca²⁺) levels is typically 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL.

Front

What is hyperphosphatemia?

Back

Hyperphosphatemia is a condition characterized by elevated phosphate levels in the blood, often associated with renal failure.

Front

What are the common causes of hypocalcemia?

Back

Common causes of hypocalcemia include hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and chronic kidney disease.

Front

What is the significance of monitoring infusion rates for potassium chloride (KCl)?

Back

Monitoring infusion rates for KCl is crucial to prevent complications such as hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest.