Hayden- Organelles/Endo/pro. vs. euk

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. They are green due to chlorophyll.

Front

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

Back

The endosymbiotic theory suggests that certain organelles, like mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

Front

What organelle is responsible for cleaning up worn-out particles in cells?

Back

Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What is the primary function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell.

Front

What color are chloroplasts and why?

Back

Chloroplasts are green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is essential for photosynthesis.

Front

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER), as well as the transport of materials within the cell.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and various organelles.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where amino acids are assembled into proteins based on the instructions from mRNA.

Front

What is the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the structure of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates, providing structure and regulating what enters and exits the cell.