FLASH CARDS for Unit 1 Nature of Science Study Guide

Front

Identify the independent variable in Janna's experiment with jars and plants.

Back

Presence or absence of the plant in the jars

Answer explanation

The independent variable is the presence or absence of the plant in the jars, as it is the factor Janna manipulated to observe its effect on temperature.

Front

Identify the dependent variable in Janna's experiment on deforestation and global warming.

Back

Temperature in each jar

Answer explanation

The dependent variable is the temperature in each jar, as it is what Janna measured to test her hypothesis about the impact of the plant on temperature. The other options are not being measured in this experiment.

Front

What should Jenna say about the hypothesis considering the outcome of the experiment?

Back

Janna's hypothesis was not supported.

Answer explanation

Janna's hypothesis was not supported because the temperatures in both jars were the same each day, indicating that the presence of the plant did not lower the temperature as she expected.

Front

Should Jenna consider her hypothesis a “defeat” and give up? What should she do?

Back

No, Jenna should analyze her results and refine her hypothesis.

Answer explanation

No, Jenna should not consider her hypothesis a defeat. Instead, she should analyze her results to understand what went wrong and refine her hypothesis for further testing, as this is a crucial part of the scientific process.

Front

True or False: Hypotheses are valuable as they guide research, stimulate critical thinking, and lead to new inquiries, regardless of whether they are supported or not.

Back

True

Answer explanation

True. Hypotheses are essential in research as they provide direction, encourage critical analysis, and inspire further questions, regardless of their validation. Their role in the scientific process is invaluable.

Front

What is the control group in the experiment where researchers test an anti-wrinkle facial product on volunteers aged 38-45, distributing bottles that appear identical but only half contain the wrinkle-reducing compound?

Back

The control group is the participants who receive bottles without the compound.

Answer explanation

The control group consists of participants who receive bottles without the compound. This group helps researchers determine the effect of the anti-wrinkle product by providing a baseline for comparison against those who received the active compound.

Front

What is the purpose of the control group in a study where half of the participants receive a product without the active compound?

Back

To provide a baseline for comparison to assess the effectiveness of the product against participants who received no treatment.

Answer explanation

The control group provides a baseline for comparison, allowing researchers to assess the effectiveness of the anti-wrinkle product by comparing results from participants who received the actual treatment versus those who did not.

Front

What can be inferred from the data table?

Back

Higher water temperature results in faster tablet dissolution.

Answer explanation

The data indicates that as water temperature increases, the tablet dissolution time decreases, leading to faster dissolution. Therefore, higher water temperature results in faster tablet dissolution.

Front

How can scientists study sea turtles without disturbing their habitat?

Back

Using remote monitoring techniques

Answer explanation

Using remote monitoring techniques allows scientists to study sea turtles without disturbing their natural habitat, unlike the other options which could harm the turtles or their environment.

Front

How could a scientist verify that they study the same turtle or turtles over time as they migrate?

Back

By tagging or marking the turtles for identification

Answer explanation

Tagging or marking turtles allows scientists to uniquely identify and track individual turtles over time, ensuring they study the same ones during migration. Other methods do not provide reliable identification.