Heat Transfer and Related Concepts

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Convection

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Heat transfer caused by the rising of hotter, less dense fluids and the falling of cooler, denser fluids.

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Convection current

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A circular movement of fluids caused by the rising of hotter, less dense fluid and the falling of cooler, denser fluid.

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Coriolis effect

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The apparent deflection of moving air, as seen by an observer on Earth, as a result of Earth’s rotation.

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Density

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The amount of matter in a given space or volume.

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Global Winds

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Winds that act as a heat transfer system due to the unequal heating of Earth’s surface.

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Ocean Currents

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Directional movements of ocean water; surface currents result from steady winds over the ocean surface; deep currents result from density variations due to temperature and salinity differences.

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Radiation

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The transfer of energy by the movement of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles.

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Salinity

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Saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of water.

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Thermal Energy

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The total kinetic (motion) energy of the tiny particles that make up matter; the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes.