Rocks and Minerals Voc. Words

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Mineral

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naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystal structure and definite chemical composition

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Composition

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chemical makeup of a rock; describes minerals or other materials in the rock

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Igneous rock

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rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface

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Sedimentary rock

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rock that forms when particles from other rocks or remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together

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Metamorphic rock

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rock that forms from an existing rock changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions

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Magma

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molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle

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Hardness of the minerals

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measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

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Texture

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feel, appearance, or consistency of a surface, substance, or fabric

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Compaction

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process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight

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Foliated

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term used to describe metamorphic rocks with grains arranged in parallel layers or bands