Organism Growth and Cell Differentiation

Front

What are cancer cells likely to do since they cannot enter G₀ phase?

Back

Repeat the cell cycle continuously

Front

Which phase of mitosis is occurring in the cell indicated by the arrow? Options: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Back

Anaphase

Front

Which part of the model represents S phase? Options: I, II, III, IV

Back

II

Front

Why is DNA damage repaired before cells enter mitosis?

Back

So that healthy daughter cells are produced, allowing the organism to continue to grow.

Front

What do the two arrows represent?

Back

Arrow 1 represents interphase and Arrow 2 represents mitosis.

Front

How does the presence of an oncogene lead to the formation of a tumor?

Back

Cell division is unregulated.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in expressing specialized structures?

Back

Providing information to form proteins

Front

Cell differentiation is most directly regulated by?

Back

DNA

Front

What occurs just before the cell enters the G₂ stage of the cell cycle?

Back

DNA replicates

Front

Cells typically respond to DNA damage in three ways: by ceasing to grow and divide until the damage is repaired, by permanently ceasing to grow and divide, or by dying. In 2010 a group of scientists reported that a certain kind of immune reaction can cause DNA damage that leads to a fourth response. DNA damage can turn off genes involved in cell-signaling pathways. Turning off these genes can cause less-mature cells to divide too rapidly, often leading to the development of:

Back

tumors