Metabolism and Athletic Performance

Front

System Noun

---

[sis-tuhm]

Back

System

---

A group of interacting parts forming a complex whole, such as organs working together to perform major bodily functions.

---

Example: The Earth and Moon are parts of a system where gravity's interaction keeps the Moon in orbit, forming the Earth-Moon orbital system.

Front

Tissues Noun

---

[tish-oos]

Back

Tissues

---

Groups of similar cells that are organized to work together to perform a specific, shared function within an organism.

---

Example: This diagram shows how a muscle is made of many similar muscle cells grouped together, which is what a tissue is.

Front

Organs Noun

---

[or-guhns]

Back

Organs

---

A structure within the body composed of different kinds of tissues that work together to perform a specific job.

---

Example: This image shows how the heart and lungs work together in the circulatory system, but it does not explain the general concept of an organ.

Front

Digestive System Noun

---

[dahy-jes-tiv sis-tuhm]

Back

Digestive System

---

The body system responsible for breaking down food into smaller molecules that the body can absorb and use.

---

Example: This diagram shows the main organs of the human digestive system, the path food travels to be broken down and absorbed by the body.

Front

Respiratory System Noun

---

[res-per-uh-tawr-ee sis-tuhm]

Back

Respiratory System

---

The body system responsible for the exchange of gases, taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide from the body.

---

Example: This diagram shows how the respiratory system works at a microscopic level, with oxygen (O2) entering the blood and carbon dioxide (CO2) leaving it.

Front

Circulatory System Noun

---

[sur-kyoo-luh-tawr-ee sis-tuhm]

Back

Circulatory System

---

The body system that transports oxygen, nutrients, and other substances throughout the body and removes wastes from tissues.

---

Example: This diagram shows how the heart pumps blood through two circuits: one to the lungs to pick up oxygen (red) and one to the body to deliver it.

Front

Molecule Noun

---

[mol-i-kyool]

Back

Molecule

---

The smallest unit of a substance, consisting of bonded atoms, that retains the substance's chemical and physical properties.

---

Example: This image shows a water molecule, which is made of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms bonded together.

Front

Amino Acid Noun

---

[uh-mee-noh as-id]

Back

Amino Acid

---

The small molecules that serve as the fundamental building blocks of proteins, obtained from breaking down food proteins.

---

Example: This diagram shows individual amino acids as colorful spheres that link together, like beads on a string, to build a complex protein.

Front

Glucose Noun

---

[gloo-kohs]

Back

Glucose

---

A simple sugar that is a primary source of energy for living organisms and a key product of digestion.

---

Example: This diagram shows how a large starch molecule is broken down through digestion into many small, simple glucose molecules, which are used for energy.

Front

Oxygen Noun

---

[ok-si-jin]

Back

Oxygen

---

A gas brought into the body by the respiratory system, essential for cells to perform cellular respiration and release energy.

---

Example: This image shows that oxygen (O2) is a key ingredient, along with glucose, that cells use in the process of cellular respiration to produce energy.