VUS Political and Social Conditions in the Early 21st Century

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U.S. Supreme Court membership

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Included women and minorities such as Sandra Day O’Connor, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Clarence Thomas, Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan.

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Constitutional right to privacy

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Identified by the Supreme Court in cases like Griswold v. Connecticut, Roe v. Wade, and Riley v. California.

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International terrorism

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U.S. confronted by increased international terrorism, leading to domestic and international policies.

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Terrorist attacks

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Included the attack on the USS Cole, September 11, 2001 attacks, Boston Marathon bombing, 1993 World Trade Center bombing, and attacks on U.S. Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

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U.S. responses to terrorism

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Heightened security measures like the Patriot Act, diplomatic and military initiatives, and the formation of the TSA.

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Federal Reserve's role in economy

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Uses monetary policy to influence money supply and promote sustainable economic growth.

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President and Congress's role in economy

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Use fiscal policy, including taxation and spending, to impact economic growth.

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Reagan Revolution

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Extended beyond Reagan's tenure, influencing subsequent administrations and the rise of the Tea Party movement.

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President George W. Bush's policies

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Launched War on Terror, promoted policies on economy, healthcare, education, social security reform, signed tax cuts, Patriot Act, No Child Left Behind Act.

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President Barack H. Obama's policies

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Signed economic stimulus legislation in response to the Great Recession, including the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.