WHII Imperialism

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Relationship between Industrialization, Imperialism, and Nationalism

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Industrialization drove European competition for overseas colonies; colonization resulted in rising nationalism among colonies and increased drive for independence.

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Forms of Imperialism

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Colonies, Protectorates, Spheres of influence.

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Motivations for Imperialism

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Industrial nations in Europe needed natural resources and markets; competition to control Africa, Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands for economic/political success; spread economic, political, social philosophies of Europe/U.S.. European nations justified imperialism and spread their culture.

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Imperialism in Africa and Asia

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European domination, European conflicts carried to colonies, Christian missionary efforts, spheres of influence in China, Suez Canal, East India Company's domination of Indian states, America's opening of Japan to trade.

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Imperialism in the Pacific Islands

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European/American domination; motivated by desire to control islands for refueling/supplies on way to Asia; colonial powers wanted to control trade/raw materials.

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Imperialism in Australia

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Became a British colony, originated as a penal colony, provided Britain with resources.

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Responses of Colonized Peoples to Imperialism

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Armed conflicts (e.g., Boxer Rebellion in China, Indian Rebellion of 1857/Sepoy Mutiny), rise of nationalism (e.g., first Indian nationalist party in mid-1800s). Colonized peoples resisted European domination and responded in diverse ways.

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Suez Canal

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Significance during Age of Imperialism.

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East India Company

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Domination of Indian states.

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Raw Materials and Markets

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Need for these impacted national foreign policies.