Westward Expansion

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Assimilation

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The process by which a person or a group's language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group.

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Battle of Little Bighorn

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An 1876 battle in which the Sioux and Cheyenne fought against the U.S. Army, resulting in a significant defeat for the U.S. forces.

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Buffalo

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A key resource for Native Americans on the Great Plains, used for food, clothing, and tools.

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Dawes Act

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A 1887 law that aimed to assimilate Native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual owners.

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Exodusters

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African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late 19th century.

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Freedmen’s Bureau

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An agency established in 1865 to aid freed slaves in the South during the Reconstruction era.

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Homestead Act

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A law passed in 1862 that provided 160 acres of public land to settlers for a small fee after five years of residence.

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Indigenous

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Referring to the original inhabitants of a region.

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Industrialization

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The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

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Jim Crow Laws

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State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.