Topographic maps - Gradient & Slope

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What is a topographic map?

Back

A topographic map is a detailed and accurate graphic representation of the features of a specific area, showing elevation, terrain, and landforms.

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What does gradient mean?

Back

Gradient refers to the slope or steepness of a line or surface, often expressed as a ratio of vertical change to horizontal distance.

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How is gradient calculated?

Back

Gradient is calculated by dividing the change in elevation (rise) by the horizontal distance (run) between two points.

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What is the formula for calculating slope?

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Slope = (Change in elevation) / (Horizontal distance) or Slope = Rise / Run.

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What units are commonly used to express gradient?

Back

Gradient is commonly expressed in units such as meters per kilometer (m/km) or feet per mile (ft/mi).

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What does a steep gradient indicate?

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A steep gradient indicates a rapid change in elevation over a short horizontal distance, suggesting a steep slope.

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What does a gentle gradient indicate?

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A gentle gradient indicates a gradual change in elevation over a longer horizontal distance, suggesting a mild slope.

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What is a contour line?

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A contour line is a line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation, helping to visualize the terrain.

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How can you identify steep areas on a topographic map?

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Steep areas on a topographic map are identified by closely spaced contour lines.

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What does it mean if contour lines are spaced far apart?

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If contour lines are spaced far apart, it indicates a gentle slope or flat terrain.