Basic Chemistry Concepts

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Atom

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Smallest particle of an element, made up of protons, neutrons and electrons

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Element

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A pure substance made of only one kind of atom

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Isotope

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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

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Compound

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A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

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Ionic bond

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Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, due to oppositely charged ions

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Covalent bond

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A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons

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Polar

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Describes a molecule in which the positive and negative charges are separated

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Cohesion

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Attraction between molecules of the same substance

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Solution

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A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

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Acid

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A substance that increases the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution, pH of 1-6