Matter, Heat, and Energy Study Guide

Front

What are the characteristics of particles in solids?

Back

Particles are tightly packed and fixed in place. They vibrate but do not move freely.

Front

How do particles behave in liquids?

Back

Particles are close together but can move around each other, allowing liquids to flow.

Front

Describe the behavior of particles in gases.

Back

Particles are far apart with lots of space between them and move freely at high speeds.

Front

What is evaporation?

Back

A liquid changing into a gas at the surface (e.g., water in a glass disappearing over time).

Front

What happens during condensation?

Back

A gas changes into a liquid (e.g., water droplets forming on a cold can).

Front

Define melting in terms of state change.

Back

A solid changing into a liquid.

Front

What is freezing in terms of state change?

Back

A liquid changing into a solid.

Front

Explain sublimation.

Back

A solid changing directly into a gas without becoming liquid.

Front

What does temperature measure?

Back

Temperature measures the average kinetic energy (motion) of particles.

Front

What is the effect of temperature increase on particles?

Back

Particles move faster, spread farther apart, and gain kinetic energy.