Probability Flashcard

Front

What is the probability of an event?

Back

The probability of an event is a measure of the likelihood that the event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.

Front

What is the complement of an event?

Back

The complement of an event A is the event that A does not occur, denoted as A'. The probability of the complement is P(A') = 1 - P(A).

Front

How do you calculate the probability of independent events occurring together?

Back

For independent events A and B, the probability of both A and B occurring is P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B).

Front

What is the formula for calculating the probability of at least one event occurring?

Back

The probability of at least one event A occurring is P(A) = 1 - P(A').

Front

What is a conditional probability?

Back

Conditional probability is the probability of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred, denoted as P(A|B).

Front

How do you calculate conditional probability?

Back

The conditional probability of A given B is calculated as P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B).

Front

What is the probability of multiple independent events?

Back

For multiple independent events, the total probability is the product of the individual probabilities: P(A and B and C) = P(A) * P(B) * P(C).

Front

What is the difference between discrete and continuous probability distributions?

Back

Discrete probability distributions deal with countable outcomes, while continuous probability distributions deal with outcomes over a continuous range.

Front

What is the expected value in probability?

Back

The expected value is the long-term average of random variables, calculated as E(X) = Σ [x * P(x)] for discrete variables.

Front

What is a probability mass function (PMF)?

Back

A PMF is a function that gives the probability that a discrete random variable is exactly equal to some value.