Enzyme and Chemical Reaction Terms

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ENZYME

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A protein that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

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ACTIVATION ENERGY

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The minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.

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SUBSTRATE

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The substance an enzyme acts on during a chemical reaction.

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ACTIVE SITE

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The specific part of an enzyme where the substrate binds.

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COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR

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A molecule that blocks the active site of an enzyme so the substrate cannot bind.

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NON-COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR

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A molecule that binds to another part of the enzyme, changing its shape so the substrate cannot bind well.

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PRODUCT

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The substance formed after a chemical reaction is complete.

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CHEMICAL REACTION

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A process in which substances change into different substances by breaking and forming bonds.

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REACTANTS

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The starting materials in a chemical reaction.

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REACTION RATE

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How fast a chemical reaction happens.