Introduction to Chemistry

Front

What is a Graduated Cylinder?

Back

A graduated cylinder is a piece of laboratory glassware used to measure the volume of a liquid accurately. It has markings (graduations) along its length to indicate volume.

Front

What are significant figures?

Back

Significant figures are the digits in a number that contribute to its precision. This includes all non-zero digits, any zeros between significant digits, and trailing zeros in a decimal.

Front

What is an independent variable in an experiment?

Back

The independent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Front

How do you calculate molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) is calculated using the formula: M = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is the significance of non-zero numbers in significant figures?

Back

All non-zero numbers (1-9) are always considered significant in measurements.

Front

What is the dependent variable in an experiment?

Back

The dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the volume of a cylinder?

Back

Volume = πr²h, where r is the radius and h is the height of the cylinder.

Front

What is the purpose of a beaker in a laboratory?

Back

A beaker is used for mixing, stirring, and heating liquids. It is not designed for precise measurements.

Front

What is the difference between accuracy and precision?

Back

Accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true value, while precision refers to how consistently repeated measurements yield the same result.

Front

What is a hypothesis in scientific research?

Back

A hypothesis is a testable statement or prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.