A powerful trading company established by the Netherlands.

What was the Dutch East India Company?

For their valuable spices and trade opportunities.

Why were the Dutch interested in the islands of Indonesia?

An Italian explorer who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.

Who was Christopher Columbus and what did he do?

A Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe.

Who was Ferdinand Magellan and what did he do?

Who conquered the Aztec empire?

Superior weapons, alliances with local tribes, and diseases that weakened the Aztecs.

Give three reasons why Cortez was able to conquer the Aztec empire.

Define the Columbian Exchange.

The Columbian Exchange refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.

Major goal of the conquistadors (Spanish Explorers).

The major goal of the conquistadors was to explore and conquer new territories, acquire wealth, and spread Christianity.

Who conquered the Incan Empire?

The Incan Empire was conquered by Francisco Pizarro.

What did the Age of Exploration lead to?

The Age of Exploration led to the discovery of new lands, the exchange of goods and ideas, and the establishment of European colonies.

Define Middle Passage.

The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were forcibly transported to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade.

Effects of the Columbian Exchange.

The effects of the Columbian Exchange included the introduction of new crops and animals to different continents, changes in agriculture, and significant cultural and demographic shifts.

Define The Atlantic Slave trade.

The Atlantic Slave Trade was the transatlantic trading of enslaved Africans to the Americas from the 16th to the 19th century.

Define joint-stock company and its purpose in the 1500’s and 1600’s.

A joint-stock company is a business entity where different stocks can be bought and owned by shareholders. In the 1500s and 1600s, they were used to fund exploration and colonization.

Why did Europeans see Africans as a better source of labor than the Native Americans?

Europeans saw Africans as a better source of labor because they were more resistant to European diseases, had experience in agriculture, and were unfamiliar with the American landscape, making escape more difficult.

Mercantilism is an economic policy that emphasizes the importance of stockpiling gold and silver and maintaining a favorable balance of trade to increase national wealth.

Define favorable balance of trade.

A favorable balance of trade occurs when a country exports more goods than it imports, resulting in a net inflow of wealth.

Explain Triangular Trade.

Triangular Trade was a system of transatlantic trade in the 16th to 19th centuries, involving the exchange of goods and slaves between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

Unit 3 Review Flashcards

Student preview

28 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Desire for new trade routes and wealth.

Back

By the 1400s, what sparked the desire for exploration?

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Portugal and Spain.

Back

During the 15th century, what two European countries began voyages for exploration?

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

An economic system where trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.

Back

What is capitalism?

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

direct sea route to India

(27,000 miles)

Back

Vasco da Gama?

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The compass, astrolabe, and improved ship designs.

Back

What technological advancements made exploration possible?

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

To find a new trade route to Asia.

Back

What was the main reason Spain sponsored the first voyage of Columbus to the west?

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

An agreement between Spain and Portugal to divide newly discovered lands.

Back

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?

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