Natural Selection and Evolution

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What is Natural Selection?

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Natural Selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. It is a key mechanism of evolution.

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. Mutations can lead to changes in traits and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.

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What is the significance of the Bison in the context of extinction?

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The Bison is significant because it is a species that is not extinct, unlike the TRex, Mastadon, and Dodo bird, which are all extinct.

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What did Darwin study on the Galapagos Islands?

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Darwin studied the beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands, which helped him develop his theory of evolution by natural selection.

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What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

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Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of that organism, influenced by the genotype and environment.

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What is 'Survival of the fittest'?

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'Survival of the fittest' is another term for Natural Selection, emphasizing that the individuals best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

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What is a trait?

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A trait is a characteristic or feature of an organism, which can be influenced by genetics and the environment.

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How do mutations affect evolution?

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Mutations introduce genetic variation into a population, which can lead to new traits that may be advantageous for survival and reproduction, driving the process of evolution.

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What is the role of environmental factors in natural selection?

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Environmental factors, such as climate, food availability, and predators, influence which traits are favorable for survival and reproduction in a given environment.

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What is adaptation?

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Adaptation is a process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment through changes in traits over generations.