AP Bio Unit 1

Front

How does altering a protein's primary structure affect its final structure?

Back

An altered primary structure changes every level of structure above it, most likely rendering the protein non-functional.

Front

What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons?

Back

Covalent bond.

Front

Where do hydrophobic amino acids orient themselves during protein folding?

Back

In the interior of the protein.

Front

Where do hydrophilic amino acids orient themselves during protein folding?

Back

On the surface of the protein.

Front

What structures of an amino acid join to form peptide bonds?

Back

The carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amine group of the next.

Front

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Back

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

Back

The local folding of the polypeptide chain into structures such as alpha helices and beta sheets.

Front

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Back

The overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide, determined by interactions among various side chains (R groups).

Front

What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

Back

The structure formed when two or more polypeptide chains aggregate to form a functional protein.

Front

What role do R-groups play in protein structure?

Back

R-groups determine the properties of amino acids and influence protein folding and function.