AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 2.1*: Cell Structure - Subcellular Com

Front

What is the function of the lysosome in a cell?

Back

The lysosome is responsible for the digestion of macromolecules and the breakdown of waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

What role does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth ER) play in a cell?

Back

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in detoxification processes and the storage of calcium ions (Ca2+).

Front

Which organelle fuses with lysosomes to aid in digestion?

Back

The food vacuole fuses with lysosomes to help digest nutrients.

Front

What is the primary function of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the structure of the thylakoid in chloroplasts?

Back

Thylakoids are membrane-bound structures that are highly folded and contain chlorophyll for ATP synthesis during photosynthesis.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Back

Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Back

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.