Geography and Demographics Terms

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Asylum

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Protection granted by a country to someone fleeing danger, war, or persecution in their own country.

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Brain Drain

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When skilled workers and educated people leave their home country to work in another country.

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Carrying Capacity

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The maximum population size that an area’s resources (food, water, space) can support.

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Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

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The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year.

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Crude Death Rate (CDR)

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The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population per year.

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Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

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A model showing how birth rates, death rates, and population growth change as countries develop.

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Dependency Ratio

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The number of people too young or too old to work compared to the working-age population.

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Emigrant / Immigrant

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Emigrant: A person leaving their home country. Immigrant: A person entering a new country to live.

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Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)

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A model showing how causes of death change as countries develop (from infectious disease to chronic illness).

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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

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The number of babies who die before age 1 per 1,000 live births.