Macromolecules

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What are macromolecules?

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Large, complex molecules essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What are the four main types of macromolecules?

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Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What is a carbohydrate?

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A macromolecule made up of sugar molecules, providing energy and structural support.

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What is a lipid?

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A macromolecule that is hydrophobic, including fats, oils, and steroids, used for energy storage and cell membrane structure.

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What is a protein?

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A macromolecule made of amino acids, essential for structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.

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What is a nucleic acid?

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Macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information, including DNA and RNA.

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What is a monosaccharide?

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The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules like glucose and fructose.

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What is a disaccharide?

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A carbohydrate formed from two monosaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and lactose.

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What is a polysaccharide?

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A carbohydrate composed of long chains of monosaccharides, such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

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What is the role of enzymes in proteins?

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Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body.