Intellectual Property Concepts

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Intellectual Property

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Intangible creations of the human intellect, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, and symbols, names, and images used in commerce, that are protected by law (e.g., patents, copyright, trademarks).

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Copyright

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A type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive legal right to copy, distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work (like a book, song, or photo), usually for a limited time.

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Patent

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A type of intellectual property that grants its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time, in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention.

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Trademark

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A form of intellectual property consisting of a word, phrase, symbol, design, or combination that identifies the source of a product or service and distinguishes it from others in the marketplace.

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Logo

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A graphic mark, emblem, or symbol (often a logotype, icon, or a combination) used to aid and promote public identification and recognition for a company, product, or service.

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Documentation

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Any communicable material—such as user guides, manuals, or technical papers—used to describe, explain, or instruct regarding some attributes of an object, system, or procedure, like its assembly, maintenance, or use.

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Plagiarism

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The representation of another person's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own original work, with or without the consent of the original author, and without full acknowledgment.

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Paraphrase

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The rendering or rewording of a text using different words, without altering the text's original meaning, often to achieve greater clarity or to restate someone else's ideas in one's own words.

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Fair Use

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A doctrine in U.S. copyright law that permits the limited use of copyrighted material without acquiring permission from the copyright holder, typically for purposes such as criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research.

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Public Domain

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The space of creative works to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Works in the public domain can be legally used or referenced by anyone without permission because their rights have expired, were forfeited, or are inapplicable.