Unit 1: Macromolecules & Enzymes Review

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Macromolecules are large, complex molecules that are essential for life. They include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What are carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are macromolecules made up of sugar molecules. They serve as a primary energy source and include glucose, starch, cellulose, and glycogen.

Front

What is the function of enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is an active site?

Back

The active site is the specific region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What is a substrate?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is the optimal temperature for an enzyme?

Back

The optimal temperature is the temperature at which an enzyme's activity is at its maximum.

Front

What is the relationship between temperature and enzyme activity?

Back

Enzyme activity typically increases with temperature up to a certain point (optimal temperature), after which it may decrease due to denaturation.

Front

What is pH and how does it affect enzymes?

Back

pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity. Each enzyme has an optimal pH range, and deviations can affect its activity.

Front

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

Back

At high temperatures, enzymes can denature, losing their shape and functionality.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.