Variables in Research Methodology

Front

A variable that is manipulated or selected to examine its effect on another variable

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Independent Variable

Front

The one we measure to see the effects the independent variable has on it

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Dependent variable

Front

A secondary independent variable that may be considered to mediate the effect of IV on the DV

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Moderating Variable

Front

Similar to moderator variables, but they are not included in an original study either because the researcher has not considered the possibility of their effect or because they cannot be identified in a precise way

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Intervening Variable

Front

A variable that is not in itself of interest to the researcher; but researchers suspect that it might affect the research outcome. Therefore, the researcher would control this variable by keeping it constant across groups to neutralize its effect.

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Control variable

Front

It is the process whereby the order of the presentation of different experimental conditions is systematically varied to control for any order or carryover effects that the sequence of the treatment may have on the results.

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Counterbalancing

Front

The process whereby an abstract concept or construct is defined in terms of measurable indicators

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operationalization

Front

Nominal and ordinal variables are __________________ variables.

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categorical

Front

Interval and ratio variables are __________________ variables.

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continuous

Front

Through ___________-group comparison, a researcher compares measurements from the same group or participants under different times (e.g., pre-test vs. post-test).

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