Key Events and Figures in the Civil Rights Movement

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What were Jim Crow laws?

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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

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What was the significance of the Brown vs. Board of Education Supreme Court case?

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The Brown vs. Board of Education case declared that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the 'separate but equal' doctrine.

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What was the Integration of Central High School in Little Rock, AK?

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The Integration of Central High School, also known as the Little Rock Nine, involved nine African American students who enrolled at an all-white high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, testing the Brown vs. Board of Education decision.

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What is civil disobedience?

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Civil disobedience is the act of peacefully refusing to obey certain laws as a form of protest.

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What were Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s views on civil rights?

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Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. advocated for nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience to achieve civil rights and equality.

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What were Malcolm X's views on civil rights?

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Malcolm X emphasized Black empowerment, self-defense, and was initially critical of nonviolent approaches, though his views evolved later in life.

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What were sit-ins during the Civil Rights Movement?

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Sit-ins were a form of protest where activists would occupy segregated spaces, such as lunch counters, and refuse to leave until served equally.

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Who were the Freedom Riders?

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The Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States to challenge the non-enforcement of Supreme Court decisions.

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What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was landmark legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

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The Voting Rights Act of 1965 aimed to eliminate racial discrimination in voting, prohibiting practices like literacy tests and poll taxes.