Mixtures

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Matter Noun

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[mat-er]

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Matter

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The substance of which all physical objects are made, defined as anything that has mass and takes up space.

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Example: This diagram shows the three states of matter—solid, liquid, and gas—by comparing their macroscopic appearance with the arrangement and movement of their microscopic particles.

Front

Pure Substance Noun

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[pyoor sub-stans]

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Pure Substance

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A form of matter with a constant chemical composition and characteristic properties, consisting of one element or one compound.

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Example: Gold bars are shown as an example of a pure substance because they are made up of only one type of element: gold atoms.

Front

Mixture Noun

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[miks-cher]

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Mixture

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A physical blend of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined and can be separated by physical means.

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Example: This diagram shows a solution, a type of mixture, where solute particles are evenly mixed with solvent particles at a microscopic level.

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Element Noun

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[el-uh-muhnt]

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Element

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A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

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Example: This diagram shows a model of an oxygen atom. An element is a pure substance, like oxygen, that is made up of only one type of atom.

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Compound Noun

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[kom-pound]

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Compound

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A pure substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together in a fixed, definite ratio.

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Example: This diagram shows a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO₂), where one carbon atom is chemically bonded to two oxygen atoms, representing a single compound.

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Heterogeneous Mixture Noun

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[het-er-oh-jee-nee-uhs miks-cher]

Back

Heterogeneous Mixture

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A mixture in which the components are not evenly distributed and can often be visually distinguished from one another.

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Example: This diagram shows oil and water in a beaker, which form two distinct layers because they do not mix, illustrating a heterogeneous mixture.

Front

Homogeneous Mixture Noun

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[hoh-moh-jee-nee-uhs miks-cher]

Back

Homogeneous Mixture

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A mixture with a uniform composition where components are evenly distributed and cannot be visually distinguished; also known as a solution.

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Example: This diagram shows a solution, a type of homogeneous mixture, where solute particles are evenly distributed throughout the solvent, creating a uniform composition.

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Solution Noun

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[suh-loo-shuhn]

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Solution

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A type of homogeneous mixture where one substance, the solute, is completely dissolved in another substance, the solvent.

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Example: This diagram shows a solute (sugar) dissolving in a solvent (water) to form a homogeneous mixture called a solution, where the sugar is evenly mixed.

Front

Dissolve Verb

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[dih-zolv]

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Dissolve

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The process where a substance spreads evenly into another substance to form a solution, often appearing to 'disappear'.

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Example: This diagram shows how a solid (solute) breaks apart into individual particles (ions) that are surrounded by water molecules (solvent), forming a mixture called a solution.

Front

Solvent Noun

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[sol-vuhnt]

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Solvent

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The main component of a solution that dissolves the other substance and is typically present in the largest amount.

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Example: This diagram shows how a solvent, like water, works by surrounding and pulling apart the particles of a solute, like salt, to form a solution.