Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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Glucose Noun

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[gloo-kohs]

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Glucose

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A simple sugar that is a primary source of energy for cells and is produced by plants during photosynthesis.

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Example: This diagram shows glucose (C6H12O6) as the sugar molecule that combines with oxygen to fuel the process of cellular respiration, releasing energy.

Front

Photosynthesis Noun

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[foh-toh-sin-thuh-sis]

Back

Photosynthesis

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The process where plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create their own food and release oxygen.

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Example: A plant uses light energy, carbon dioxide, and water to create its own food (sugar) and release oxygen into the air.

Front

Cellular Respiration Noun

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[sel-yuh-ler res-puh-rey-shuhn]

Back

Cellular Respiration

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The metabolic process within cells that converts glucose into a usable form of chemical energy called ATP, typically requiring oxygen.

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Example: This image shows the chemical reaction of cellular respiration, where glucose and oxygen are used to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP).

Front

Chloroplast Noun

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[klor-uh-plast]

Back

Chloroplast

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The specialized organelle found within plant cells where the process of photosynthesis takes place, converting light into chemical energy.

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Example: This diagram shows a chloroplast, the part of a plant cell where photosynthesis happens, and labels its key structures like the thylakoid and stroma.

Front

Mitochondrion Noun

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[mahy-tuh-kon-dree-uhn]

Back

Mitochondrion

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An organelle in plant and animal cells that generates most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through respiration.

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Example: This diagram shows a cross-section of a mitochondrion, labeling key parts like the inner and outer membranes where cellular respiration converts food into energy.

Front

Stomata Noun

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[stoh-muh-tuh]

Back

Stomata

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Tiny pores, typically on the underside of plant leaves, that allow for the exchange of gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen.

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Example: This diagram shows a stoma, a pore on a leaf, taking in carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing oxygen (O2) and water (H2O) during photosynthesis.

Front

Xylem Noun

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[zahy-luhm]

Back

Xylem

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The vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root to the rest of the plant.

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Example: This diagram shows xylem tissue, which is made of hollow, tube-like cells (vessel elements and tracheids) that transport water from roots to leaves for photosynthesis.

Front

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Noun

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[ey-tee-pee (uh-den-uh-seen trahy-fos-feyt)]

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

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The molecule that serves as the principal energy currency of the cell, powering metabolic processes and produced during cellular respiration.

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Example: This image shows that food (like rice) is used by the mitochondria in our cells to produce ATP, which is the main energy source for the cell.

Front

Carbon Dioxide Noun

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[kahr-buhn dahy-ok-sahyd]

Back

Carbon Dioxide

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A gas (CO₂) taken in from the atmosphere by plants for photosynthesis and released as a waste product of cellular respiration.

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Example: This diagram shows a plant taking in carbon dioxide from the air, which it uses with water and sunlight to make its own food (photosynthesis).

Front

Oxygen Noun

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[ok-si-jin]

Back

Oxygen

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A gas (O₂) released as a byproduct of photosynthesis and required by most organisms for the process of cellular respiration.

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Example: This diagram shows how plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create their food and release oxygen as a byproduct during the process of photosynthesis.