Ohm's Law

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Ohm's Law Noun

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[ohm's law]

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Ohm's Law

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A law stating that the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to its resistance.

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Example: This diagram shows a simple circuit where voltage (V) from a battery pushes current (I) through a resistor (R), illustrating Ohm's Law (I=V/R).

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Voltage Noun

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[vohl-tij]

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Voltage

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The electric potential difference between two points in a circuit, which drives the flow of current and is measured in Volts.

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Example: Applying a voltage (electrical pressure) to a conductor causes free electrons to stop moving randomly and instead flow in a single, organized direction.

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Current Noun

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[kur-uhnt]

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Current

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The rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor in an electrical circuit, which is measured in units called Amperes.

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Example: An electric battery pushes charged particles through a closed circuit, creating a flow called electric current, which powers the light bulb.

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Resistance Noun

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[ri-zis-tuhns]

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Resistance

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A measure of the opposition to the flow of electric current within a circuit, which is measured in units called Ohms.

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Example: This circuit diagram shows a resistor (R) opposing the flow of electric current (I) from a power source, illustrating the concept of electrical resistance.

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Potential Difference Noun

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[puh-ten-shuhl dif-er-uhns]

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Potential Difference

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An alternative term for voltage, representing the difference in electric potential energy per unit of charge between two distinct points.

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Example: A diver on a high board has more potential energy than in the water. This height difference is like electrical potential difference (voltage).

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Volts (V) Noun

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[vohlts]

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Volts (V)

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The standard international unit of measurement for voltage or potential difference, representing the electrical pressure that drives current flow.

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Example: This image shows three 1.5 Volt batteries connected in a series circuit, demonstrating that their individual voltages add up to a total of 4.5 Volts.

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Amperes (A) Noun

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[am-peerz]

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Amperes (A)

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The standard international unit of measurement for electric current, representing the rate of flow of one coulomb of charge per second.

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Example: This animation shows electric current, measured in Amperes, as the rate at which charged particles (electrons) flow past a point in a conductor (wire).

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Ohms (Ω) Noun

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[ohms]

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Ohms (Ω)

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The standard international unit of measurement for electrical resistance, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω), opposing current flow.

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Example: This image shows that Ohms (Ω) are a unit of electrical resistance, which can be measured using a tool called a multimeter, alongside volts and amperes.

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Resistor Noun

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[ri-zis-ter]

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Resistor

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An electrical component specifically designed to introduce a known and precise amount of resistance into an electrical circuit to control current.

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Example: This image shows a resistor and explains how its colored bands (digit, digit, multiplier, tolerance) are used to determine its specific resistance value.

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Circuit Noun

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[sur-kit]

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Circuit

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A complete and closed path through which an electrical current can flow, typically including a source, conductors, and a load.

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Example: This image shows a complete electrical circuit, where a battery provides power through wires to light up a bulb, demonstrating a closed path for electricity.