Prime Factorization and Square Roots

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Prime Factorization

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Writing a number as a product of its prime factors. Example: 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 or 2³ × 3.

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Whole Numbers

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Numbers without fractions or decimals (0, 1, 2, 3, …). Example: 7 is a whole number.

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Decompose

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To break down a number into parts. Example: 36 can be decomposed into 6 × 6.

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Product

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The answer to a multiplication problem. Example: 4 × 5 = 20, so 20 is the product.

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Prime Numbers

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Numbers greater than 1 that have only two factors: 1 and itself. Example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11.

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Exponents

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A small number that shows how many times a base number is multiplied by itself. Example: 3² means 3 × 3 = 9.

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Composite Numbers

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Numbers that have more than two factors. Example: 8 has factors 1, 2, 4, and 8.

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Expression

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A combination of numbers, variables, and operations without an equal sign. Example: 3x + 5.

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Perfect Square

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A number that is the product of a whole number multiplied by itself. Example: 49 is a perfect square because 7 × 7 = 49.

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Non-Perfect Square

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A number that is not the product of a whole number times itself. Example: 20 is not a perfect square because √20 is not a whole number.