Neolithic Revolution and Early Agriculture

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Neolithic Revolution ⚙️

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The transition from a lifestyle based on hunting and gathering to one focused on agriculture and permanent settlement.

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Agriculture 🚜

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The systematic practice of cultivating crops and raising domesticated livestock to sustain human life.

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Domestication 🐑

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The intentional process of taming and breeding animals and plants to select for desired traits, making them useful to humans.

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Sedentary 🏘️

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The practice of living in one permanent place for extended periods, made possible by farming.

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Nomad 🏕️

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A member of a community who moves from place to place (migrates) seasonally or cyclically in search of food.

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Hunter-Gatherer 🏹

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A person who relies on wild resources—hunting animals and gathering plants—rather than producing food through agriculture.

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Surplus (Food Surplus) 🍎

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An excess quantity of food that is produced beyond what is immediately needed for survival. This allowed for specialization.

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Specialization 🔨

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The development of specific jobs (e.g., potter, weaver, builder, priest) that are not directly involved in producing food.

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Fertile Crescent 🌙

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A crescent-shaped region in the Middle East considered the earliest known center where agriculture began.

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Irrigation 💧

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The artificial application of water to land to assist in the production of crops, often using canals and ditches.