Islamic Terms and Concepts

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Prophet

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Someone who declares publicly a message that one believes has come from God or a god.

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Revelation

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Something revealed by God to humans, especially an enlightening or astonishing disclosure.

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Muhammad

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Arab prophet and founder of Islam.

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Qur'an

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The book composed of sacred writings accepted by Muslims as revelations made to Muhammad by Allah through the angel Gabriel.

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Caliphate

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The land a caliph, or successor of Muhammad, rules over.

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Dhimmi System

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A historical practice in Islamic states that granted legal protection to non-Muslim monotheistic minorities.

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Tolerance

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Sympathy or indulgence for beliefs or practices differing from or conflicting with one's own.

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Hijrah

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The journey the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers took from Mecca to Medina.

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Mecca

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The holy city in Saudi Arabia where Islam's holiest sites, including the Kaaba, are located.

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Medina

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The city of Al Madinah Al Munawara in Saudi Arabia, the second holiest city in Islam.