Chapter 20

Front

Which khan did the Venetian traveler Marco Polo advise during his time in East Asia?

Back

Khubilai Khan

Front

Until the fifteenth century, what was the dominant empire in the eastern Mediterranean region?

Back

The Byzantine Empire

Front

According to the notes, who formed the Holy Roman Empire? A coalition of Italian city-states, Three German princes, Norman dukes from Normandy, Frankish kings

Back

Three German princes

Front

In the Byzantine Empire, what was the primary benefit of the theme system?

Back

It supported a powerful army and independent peasantry

Front

How was the Byzantine theme system undermined, and what effect did this have? Options: Monasteries seized peasant lands, leading to monastic taxation; Wealthy landowners acquired peasant lands, transforming free peasants into forced laborers; Foreign merchants controlled grain prices, causing famine; The emperor abolished military districts, weakening frontier defenses

Back

Wealthy landowners acquired peasant lands, transforming free peasants into forced laborers

Front

The Normans were Vikings who conquered which region?

Back

Normandy in northern France

Front

Which Italian city rose in power due to the Crusades?

Back

Venice

Front

Which group attacked the Byzantine Empire from the east during this period?

Back

The Seljuk Turks

Front

Which Ottoman ruler finally captured Constantinople?

Back

Sultan Mehmed II

Front

According to Voltaire’s critique, why was the Holy Roman Empire described as “neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire”?

Back

It lacked obedience to the pope, was based in Germany, and ruled only a regional state.