Flashcards on Distilled Spirits

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Definition of Distilled Spirits

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Distilled spirits are alcoholic beverages made by distilling fermented liquids from fruits, grains, and plants.

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Spirits

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Spirits are distilled beverages with low sugar content and at least 35% alcohol. Examples include gin, vodka, rum, whisky, brandy, absinthe, tequila, and schnapps.

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Liqueurs

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Liqueurs are distilled beverages with added flavors and colorings, high in sugar. Examples include Grand Marnier, Frangelico, and Kahlua.

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Liquor

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Liquor is a general term that refers to spirits, liqueurs, or all alcoholic beverages, including wine, sake, and beer.

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Distillation Process

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Distillation involves heating a liquid until it turns into gas, evaporates, and then condenses back into liquid as it cools.

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Types of Distillation

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Pot still distillation uses direct fire for heating and produces low proof spirits. Column still distillation uses steam for heating and produces high proof spirits.

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Classification of Distilled Spirits by Color and Alcohol Content

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Distilled spirits are classified by color and alcohol content into low proof/brown spirits (e.g., whiskey, rum, tequila, brandy, liqueurs) and high proof/white spirits (e.g., gin, vodka, lambanog).

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Classification of Distilled Spirits by Ingredients

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Distilled spirits can be classified by ingredients into fruit-based spirits and grain-based or plant-based spirits.

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Brandy

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Brandy is distilled from wine or grape pomace, with 40–60% alcohol by volume, and is typically consumed as an after-dinner drink.

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Types of Brandy

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Grape brandy includes Cognac (from the Cognac region) and Armagnac (from the Armagnac region in Southwest France). Popular brands include Darroze, Baron de Sigognac, Larressingle, Delord, Laubade, Gélas, and Janneau.