Ancient Rome Key Terms

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Consuls

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Main decision makers elected by the people

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Patricians

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Wealthy male landowners of Rome

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Plebeians

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Ordinary citizens of Rome

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Republic

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A government where the power to govern rests with citizens who vote for their leaders

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Twelve Tables

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A written code of laws in Rome

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Forum

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The political center for the Roman Empire

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Peninsula

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Land surrounded by water on 3 sides

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magistrate

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an elected official who held governmental authority to enforce laws, administer justice, and manage public affairs.

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Senate

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a powerful governing body made up of aristocrats that advised magistrates, controlled finances, and influenced laws and policies.

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Augustus

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The first emperor of Rome ruled from 27 BCE to 14 CE and established the Roman Empire after the fall of the Republic, initiating a long period of peace known as the Pax Romana.