Functions and Anatomy of the Respiratory System

Front

Functions of the respiratory system include delivering air to the lungs, exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide, removing waste gases, and producing speech.

Back

The respiratory system delivers air to the lungs, exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream, removes waste gases like carbon dioxide, and produces speech by airflow across the vocal cords.

Front

The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea.

Back

The upper respiratory tract filters, warms, and moistens air before it enters the lungs.

Front

The lower respiratory tract includes the bronchial tree and lungs.

Back

The lower respiratory tract is responsible for gas exchange.

Front

The nose is lined with mucous membranes and cilia, which filter, warm, and moisten air.

Back

Mucous membranes and cilia in the nose trap dirt, protect tissues, and help filter, warm, and moisten air.

Front

The nasal septum separates the left and right nostrils.

Back

The nasal septum is a structure in the nose that divides the nostrils into left and right sections.

Front

Tonsils and adenoids are lymph tissues located near the nasal and oral cavities.

Back

Tonsils and adenoids help defend against infection.

Front

Paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities in the skull.

Back

Paranasal sinuses are air-filled spaces in the skull that contribute to respiratory functions.

Front

Functions of sinuses: - Make the skull lighter - Give resonance to the voice - Produce mucus

Back

Sinuses help lighten the skull, enhance voice resonance, and produce mucus.

Front

Four pairs of sinuses and their locations: - Frontal: above the eyes - Sphenoid: behind the eyes - Maxillary: cheeks - Ethmoid: between nose & eyes

Back

The sinuses are located as follows: - Frontal: above the eyes (infection causes severe forehead pain) - Sphenoid: behind the eyes (infection can affect vision) - Maxillary: cheeks, largest (infection can cause tooth pain) - Ethmoid: between nose & eyes

Front

Pharynx (Throat): A shared passageway for air and food. Divided into: - Nasopharynx - Oropharynx - Laryngopharynx

Back

The pharynx is a shared passageway for air and food, divided into three parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.