Body System Interactions

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Gonads Noun

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[go-nads]

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Gonads

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The primary reproductive organs, testes in males and ovaries in females, that produce gametes and sex hormones.

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Example: This image defines gonads by showing the two primary types: the testis, which is the male gonad, and the ovary, which is the female gonad.

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Gamete Noun

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[gam-eet]

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Gamete

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A specialized reproductive cell, such as a sperm or ovum, that fuses with another during sexual reproduction.

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Example: This image shows the two types of gametes, or reproductive cells: the sperm and the ovum. These cells are essential for sexual reproduction.

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Hormone Noun

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[hor-moan]

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Hormone

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A chemical messenger produced by glands and transported by the circulatory system to regulate physiology and behavior.

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Example: A hormone from the bloodstream binds to a receptor on a cell's surface, triggering a chain reaction inside that changes the cell's activity.

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Testosterone Noun

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[tes-tos-ter-own]

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Testosterone

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A steroid hormone, produced primarily in the testes, that stimulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.

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Example: This infographic shows how the amount of testosterone in the male body, represented by the red color, naturally decreases as a person gets older.

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Estrogen Noun

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[es-tro-jen]

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Estrogen

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A group of steroid hormones, produced primarily in the ovaries, that promote the development of female characteristics.

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Example: This image shows the chemical structures for three types of estrogen, which are steroid hormones important in the body.

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Tendon Noun

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[ten-dun]

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Tendon

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A tough, flexible band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone, enabling movement.

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Example: This diagram shows how a tendon, a strong connective tissue, attaches a muscle to a bone, allowing the muscular and skeletal systems to work together.

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Placenta Noun

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[pluh-sen-tuh]

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Placenta

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An organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy to provide oxygen and nutrients to a growing fetus.

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Example: This diagram shows the placenta, an organ in the uterus that connects to the fetus via the umbilical cord, enabling nutrient and waste exchange.

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Cellular Respiration Noun

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[sel-yuh-ler res-pih-ray-shun]

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Cellular Respiration

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The metabolic process in which cells convert nutrients into ATP energy and release waste products.

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Example: This diagram shows that cells use glucose and oxygen to create usable energy (ATP), releasing carbon dioxide and water as waste products.

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ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Noun

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[ay-tee-pee]

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ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

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The primary molecule for storing and transferring energy within cells, often called the energy currency of the cell.

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Example: This diagram shows that nutrients from food (like rice) are used by the mitochondria in our cells to create ATP, which is the main energy source for the body.

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Mitochondria Noun

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[my-toh-kon-dree-uh]

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Mitochondria

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An organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production through the process of cellular respiration.

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Example: This diagram shows a cross-section of a mitochondrion, labeling key parts like the inner and outer membranes where energy is produced for the body's cells.