Peripheral Nervous System
Flashcard
•
Science
•
6th - 8th Grade
•
Hard
Barbara White
FREE Resource
Student preview
18 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Neuron Noun
[noor-on]
Back
Neuron
A specialized nerve cell that transmits electrical and chemical signals, serving as the fundamental unit of the nervous system.
Example: This diagram shows a neuron (nerve cell), labeling its main parts: the dendrites that receive signals, the soma (cell body), and the axon.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Dendrite Noun
[den-drahyt]
Back
Dendrite
Short, branching projections of a neuron that receive nerve signals and transfer them toward the cell body.
Example: This diagram shows that dendrites are the branched parts of a neuron that receive electric signals from other neurons at a connection point called a synapse.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Axon Noun
[ak-son]
Back
Axon
A long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body to other cells.
Example: The axon is the long extension of a neuron that carries nerve signals away from the cell body to other cells, like the muscle fibers shown.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Myelin Noun
[mahy-uh-lin]
Back
Myelin
A fatty protein substance that covers some axons, forming a sheath that allows for faster conduction of nerve signals.
Example: This diagram shows the myelin sheath, a fatty layer (purple) that wraps around a neuron's axon (yellow) to protect it and speed up nerve signals.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Synapse Noun
[sin-aps]
Back
Synapse
The junction between two neurons that permits a signal to be passed from one cell to the next.
Example: This diagram shows a synapse, the junction where an axon sends chemical signals (neurotransmitters) across a gap to a dendrite to transmit a nerve impulse.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Neurotransmitter Noun
[noor-oh-trans-mit-er]
Back
Neurotransmitter
Special chemical molecules that are released at a synapse to transmit information from one neuron to another.
Example: This diagram shows neurotransmitters, which are chemical messengers, being released from one neuron, crossing a gap, and binding to receptors on the next cell to transmit a signal.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Plexus Noun
[plek-suhs]
Back
Plexus
A complex, branching network of intersecting spinal nerves that serves the motor and sensory needs of the limbs.
Example: This diagram shows a plexus, which is a branching network of intersecting nerves, by illustrating the cervical and brachial plexuses in the neck and shoulder.
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