Earth History

Earth History

Assessment

Flashcard

•

Science

•

6th - 8th Grade

•

Hard

Created by

Barbara White

FREE Resource

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20 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Big Bang Theory Noun

[big bang thee-uh-ree]

Back

Big Bang Theory


The scientific theory explaining the universe's origin from an initial point of extremely high density and temperature about 13.8 billion years ago.

Example: This diagram shows that the universe started from a single point in an event called the Big Bang and has been expanding outward ever since.
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2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Uniformitarianism Noun

[yoo-nuh-fawr-mi-tair-ee-uh-niz-uhm]

Back

Uniformitarianism


The geological principle that natural laws and processes operating today have always operated in the past, guiding geological study.

Example: This diagram shows the geological cycle, where processes like the decay of continents and the formation of new rock happen over and over. Uniformitarianism is the idea that these same slow processes have always been shaping the Earth.
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3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Relative Dating Noun

[rel-uh-tiv dey-ting]

Back

Relative Dating


The method of determining the age of a rock or fossil by comparing its placement with that of fossils in other layers of rock.

Example: This cross-section shows rock layers and features. By seeing which layers are on the bottom and which features cut across others, we can determine their relative ages.
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4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Law of Superposition Noun

[law ov soo-per-puh-zish-uhn]

Back

Law of Superposition


The geological principle that in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each layer is older than the one above it.

Example: This diagram shows rock layers where the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest layers are at the top, demonstrating the Law of Superposition.
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5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships Noun

[prin-suh-puhl ov kros-kuht-ing ri-ley-shuhn-ships]

Back

Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships


The geological principle stating that a fault or igneous intrusion is younger than the rock layers it cuts through.

Example: This diagram shows a fault (E) and an igneous intrusion (D) cutting through older rock layers (A, B, C), illustrating they are younger.
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6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Unconformity Noun

[uhn-kuhn-fawr-mi-tee]

Back

Unconformity


A buried surface of erosion or non-deposition that represents a significant gap of time in the geologic record.

Example: This diagram shows an unconformity, a boundary where older, tilted rock layers were eroded before younger, horizontal layers were deposited on top.
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7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Inclusions Noun

[in-kloo-zhuhns]

Back

Inclusions


Pieces of one rock unit that are contained within another, where the inclusions are older than the rock that contains them.

Example: This diagram shows that rock fragments, called inclusions, are older than the rock layer they are found inside, helping geologists determine relative rock ages.
Media Image

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