Flashcards Mod 12 The Cold War Advanced

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Harry S. Truman

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U.S. President (Democrat) when the United Nations and NATO are created and at the start of the Korean War, he fired General MacArthur during the war.

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Mao Zedong

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Leader of the Communists who took over China in 1949; remained in power until his death in 1976, one of only 5 Communist countries today.

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Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

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Convicted and executed in 1953 for passing atomic bomb secrets to the Soviet Union; first executed spies during the Cold War.

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Joseph McCarthy

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Republican senator from Wisconsin in the late 1940s and early 1950s; led a crusade to investigate officials he claimed were communist; discredited in 1954, died in 1957.

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Dwight D. Eisenhower

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U.S. President (Republican) who ended the Korean War, increased the arms race, promised to defend the Middle East from communism, and during the Sputnik and U-2 incident.

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Nikita Khrushchev 

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Soviet Union Premier from 1953 - 1964, who opposed President Kennedy during the Cuban Missile Crisis and decided to build the Berlin Wall.

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John F. Kennedy

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U.S. President (Democrat) during the Bay of Pigs and Cuban missile crisis, and added to the space race by challenging NASA to put a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s.

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Fidel Castro

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Revolutionary leader who took control of Cuba in 1959; ally of the Soviet Union through the 1980s; made Cuba a Communist country, one of only 5 Communist countries today.

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Henry Kissinger

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Secretary of State under Presidents Nixon and Ford; created detente by using realpolitik to open relations with China, and to end the Vietnam War.

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Mikhail Gorbachev

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Soviet Premier whose bold reforms (glasnost and perestroika) led to the breakup of the Soviet Union in the late 1980s and signed the INF and START nuclear arms treaties with the United States.