Ecosystems Summative Practice

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What are autotrophs?

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Organisms that can make their own food, typically through photosynthesis (e.g., plants).

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What are heterotrophs?

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Organisms that cannot make their own food and must consume other organisms for energy (e.g., animals).

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What is the water cycle?

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The continuous process by which water moves from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back, involving processes like evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

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What is transpiration?

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The process by which water is absorbed by plant roots, moves through plants, and is released as vapor through pores in leaves.

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What is an energy pyramid?

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A graphical representation showing the flow of energy at different trophic levels in an ecosystem, with producers at the base and top predators at the top.

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What are producers in an ecosystem?

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Organisms that produce energy available for other organisms, primarily through photosynthesis (e.g., plants).

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What are consumers in an ecosystem?

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Organisms that consume other organisms for energy, including herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores.

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What is a food chain?

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A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

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What is mutualism?

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A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit (e.g., yucca flowers and yucca moths).

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What is commensalism?

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A symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed (e.g., barnacles on whales).