Vector and Disease Transmission

An arthropod or any living carrier that transmits an infectious agent from an infected individual to a susceptible host.

No multiplication of agent. Example: Housefly → Diarrheal diseases

Agent multiplies/develops. Example: Mosquito → Malaria

Agent multiplies. Example: Plague (Flea)

Mosquito – Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, JE, Filariasis; Housefly – Typhoid, Diarrhea; Sandfly – Kala-azar; Flea – Plague; Tick – Kyasanur Forest Disease.

Anopheles – Clean water; Culex – Dirty water; Aedes – Artificial collections (tyres, coolers). Aedes bites during DAY (Exam favorite).

Anti-larval: Source reduction, Larvivorous fish (Gambusia, Guppy), Chemical larvicides. Anti-adult: Indoor residual spray, Fogging, Space spray.

Bed nets (LLIN), Repellents, Screens, Protective clothing. Most cost-effective: Insecticide-treated nets.

Objective: Prevention & control of 6 diseases: Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, JE, Kala-azar, Filariasis.

NTEP – Tuberculosis; NACP – HIV/AIDS; NVBDCP – Vector borne diseases; UIP – Vaccine preventable diseases; IDSP – Disease surveillance.