Studied taste aversion in rats, leading to knowledge that sickness and taste preferences can be conditioned.

Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers, emphasizing contact comfort.

Created the Functionalist school of thought. Early American psychology teacher/philosopher who wrote the first psychology textbook.

Famous for his theory of moral development in children, using moral dilemmas in assessment.

Her research on memory construction and the misinformation effect created doubts about the accuracy of eyewitness testimony.

Humanistic psychologist known for his "Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization."

Conducted "shocking" experiments on obedience at Yale University.

Described the process of classical conditioning after famous experiments with dogs. Known as a Behaviorist.

Known for his theory of cognitive development in children.

Developed "client-centered" therapy and contributed to the Humanistic Perspective.

Developed the "Two-Factor" theory of emotion and conducted experiments on the spillover effect and the seven sins of memory.

Described the process of operant conditioning.

Famous for the "law of effect" and research on cats in "puzzle boxes."

Early behaviorist, famous for the "Little Albert" experiment.

Famous for describing the concept of "linguistic determinism" (e.g., Alaska and different words for snow).

Father of Psychology; conducted the first psychology experiments in the first psychology laboratory.

Conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment.

Described General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS): alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

Neo-Freudian; offered a feminist critique of Freud's theory and disagreed with the idea of "penis envy."

Conducted experiments with dogs that led to the concept of "learned helplessness"; contributed to positive psychology.

Neo-Freudian; introduced the concept of "inferiority complex" and stressed the importance of birth order.

Cognitive therapist; developed "rational emotive behavior therapy" (REBT) with the concept of "STOP!"

Developed cognitive-behavior therapy (thoughts affect behavior); known for Beck's Triad of Depression.

Founder of Trait Theory; identified over 4,500 traits and categorized them into three types: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits.

Accident involving severe frontal lobe damage showed how changes in the brain affect behavior.

First female president of the APA (1905); a student of William James; denied a PhD from Harvard due to her sex (later granted posthumously).

Believed genetic composition of a species altered through natural selection had a lasting impact on psychology through the evolutionary perspective.

American activist who successfully pressured lawmakers to construct and fund asylums for the mentally ill.

Opened the first psychology lab in the U.S.

The part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscles involved in speech was named after him because he first identified it.

Area of the brain (in the left temporal lobe) involved in language comprehension and expression was named after him because he discovered it.

Studied split-brain patients; showed that left and right hemispheres have different functions.

German psychologist credited with founding psychophysics (when we first experience sensations).

Nobel prize-winning neuroscientist who demonstrated the importance of "feature detector" neurons in visual perception.

"Weber's Law" states that the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) magnitude is proportional to the stimulus magnitude.

Specialized in the involvement of cognitive processes in classical conditioning, focusing on animal learning and behavior.

Researched rats' use of "cognitive maps."

Studied insight and "ah-ha" moments in the brain; used chimps and divergent thinking.

Coined the phrase "the magical number 7, plus or minus 2" to describe human memory capacity.

Conducted research on human sexual behavior, which was controversial for its methodology and findings.

Developed the theory of parenting styles, which includes three main types: permissive, authoritative, and authoritarian.

Psychology Key Figures Flashcards

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81 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Ainsworth

Back

Studied attachment in infants using the "strange situation" model. Labeled infants as "secure," "insecure," etc., in attachment.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Asch

Back

Conducted a famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match lines.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Bandura

Back

Famous for the Bobo Doll experiments on observational learning and influence in the Socio-Cognitive Perspective.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Binet

Back

Created the first intelligence test for Parisian school children.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Chomsky

Back

Created the concept of "universal grammar" and pointed out how children "overgeneralize" language rules. Distinguished between "deep vs. surface" structures in language.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Ebbinghaus

Back

Memorized nonsense syllables in an early study on human memory. Known for the Forgetting Curve and Rehearsal.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Erikson

Back

Known for his 8-stage theory of Psychosocial Development.

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