AQA Revision Week 13

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What is global governance?

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The system of rules, norms, laws and institutions that regulate global issues (e.g., trade, environment, human rights). Examples: UN, WTO, IMF acting to manage global challenges.

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What are norms in global governance?

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Informal, accepted standards of behaviour that countries are expected to follow. Examples: Respecting human rights, not using chemical weapons, providing humanitarian assistance after disasters.

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What are international laws?

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Binding legal agreements between countries that regulate global activity. Examples: UN Charter, Paris Climate Agreement, WTO rules.

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What are global institutions?

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Organisations that create or enforce global rules and support cooperation. Examples: UN, WTO, IMF, World Bank.

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What is the role of the World Bank?

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Provides loans and grants for development, reduces poverty, promotes growth, funds infrastructure, education, health. Examples: Road building in Africa, post-disaster reconstruction in Haiti.

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What is the role of the WTO?

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Regulates international trade, reduces barriers (tariffs, quotas), settles trade disputes between countries. Examples: China–USA trade disputes, EU agricultural disagreements.

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What is the purpose of the United Nations?

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To maintain peace, protect human rights, deliver humanitarian aid, support development, and uphold international law. Examples: UN peacekeeping missions, UNICEF child-health programmes.

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What is the main role of the IMF?

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Maintain global financial stability by offering loans and economic advice to countries in crisis. Examples: Bailouts for Greece, support packages for Argentina.

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What is a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO)?

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A non-profit, independent organisation that works to solve social, environmental, or humanitarian issues. Examples: Oxfam, MSF, Amnesty International.

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Give two characteristics of NGOs.

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Independent of governments, non-profit, often rely on donations, often work at local scales with communities (any two).