Flashcard T12/ Ln 1 (Mexican Revolution)

Front

The Mexican Revolution was a complex, protracted, and violent conflict that lasted for over a decade from (___-___).

Back

1910-1920

Answer explanation

The Mexican Revolution occurred from 1910 to 1920, marked by significant social and political upheaval. The other options do not accurately reflect the timeline of this pivotal event in Mexican history.

Front

By 1910, the dictator ___ ___ had ruled Mexico for almost 35 years, winning re-election as president again and again. He welcomed foreign investors who developed mines, built railroads and drilled for oil.

Back

Porfirio Díaz

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Porfirio Díaz, who ruled Mexico from 1876 to 1911. He was known for his long presidency, promoting foreign investment in infrastructure and resources, which aligns with the details in the question.

Front

Who was the Mexican president that implemented land reforms and nationalized the oil industry in the 1930s?

Back

Lázaro Cárdenas

Answer explanation

Lázaro Cárdenas, president from 1934 to 1940, is known for implementing significant land reforms and nationalizing the oil industry in Mexico during the 1930s, making him the correct answer.

Front

In southern Mexico, ____ led a peasant revolt. The battle cry of these rebels was 'Tierra y Libertad', 'Land & Freedom'.

Back

Emiliano Zapata

Answer explanation

Emiliano Zapata was a key figure in the Mexican Revolution, leading a peasant revolt in southern Mexico. His battle cry 'Tierra y Libertad' emphasized the demand for land reform and freedom for the oppressed.

Front

The majority of Mexicans were ___ or Indian peasants who lived in desperate poverty. Most worked on haciendas, large plantations.

Back

mestizos

Answer explanation

The majority of Mexicans were mestizos, a term for people of mixed European and Indigenous ancestry. They often lived in poverty and worked on haciendas, unlike landowners or urban elites who had more wealth and power.

Front

_____ became Mexico's president (1911) after Diaz resigned. He was assassinated a few years later by one of his generals, Victoriana Huerta, who ruled as a military dictator.

Back

Francisco I. Madero

Answer explanation

Francisco I. Madero became Mexico's president in 1911 after Porfirio Diaz resigned. He was later assassinated by General Victoriano Huerta, who then established a military dictatorship.

Front

Which revolutionary leader was known for his role in the northern part of Mexico during the Mexican Revolution?

Back

Francisco Poncho Villa

Answer explanation

Francisco Poncho Villa was a key revolutionary leader in northern Mexico during the Mexican Revolution, known for his military tactics and leadership in the fight against the oppressive regimes of the time.

Front

What was the primary goal of the Mexican Revolution that began in 1910?

Back

Land reform

Answer explanation

The primary goal of the Mexican Revolution was land reform, aimed at redistributing land from wealthy landowners to peasants and addressing social inequalities, which was a central issue for many revolutionaries.

Front

_____ means 'farmer' or 'peasant' in Spanish.

Back

campesino

Answer explanation

The term 'campesino' specifically refers to a 'farmer' or 'peasant' in Spanish, distinguishing it from other terms like 'agricultor' (agriculturist) and 'ganadero' (rancher). Thus, 'campesino' is the correct answer.

Front

Which Mexican leader was known for his opposition to the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz and later succeeded him as president?

Back

Francisco I. Madero

Answer explanation

Francisco I. Madero was a key figure in the Mexican Revolution, opposing Porfirio Díaz's dictatorship. He led the movement that ultimately resulted in Díaz's resignation and became president in 1911.