Periodic Table and Atomic Structure

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Periodic table

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A table that shows the elements, their atomic number, symbol, and average atomic mass; elements with similar chemical properties are grouped together.

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Metal

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An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well.

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Non-metals

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Elements that are usually dull in appearance, poor conductors of heat and electricity, gases at room temperature.

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Metalloid

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An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals.

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Conductor

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A material that allows heat and electricity to pass through it.

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Insulator

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A material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily.

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Reactivity

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The ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds.

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Atomic mass

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The average mass of all the isotopes of an element.

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Atomic number

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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Valence electron

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Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom.