Nationalism in India

Nationalism in India

How did it all begin?

Reasons for the rise of nationalism

think: 🤔  

soldiers and educated middle class and racial discrimination 

reforms introduced by the Company

policies introduced by the Company

introduction of railways

uniform laws

high taxes

the rebellion of 1857

Political Consciousness

The idea that India was the people of India irrespective of caste, religion, colour and language.It also meant our resources belonged to us and not to the British

Nationalism

• It means that we as a people have realised that we belong to a nation.

• A sense of Belongingness.

Multiple Choice

What was the impact of the rise of nationalism?

• a nation was born

• the British left India

• Formation of associations

• Formation of political parties

Political Associations

• Formed by the educated Indians

• local in nature

• primary aim was to resolve local issues

• Bombay Association, Madras Association, Poona Sarvajanik Sabha

The Controversial Acts

• Vernacular Press Act, 1878: The Act allowed the government to confiscate the assets of newspapers including their printing presses if the newspapers published anything that was found “objectionable”

• The Arms Act , 1878: The Arms Act was passed in 1878, disallowing Indians from possessing arms.

Black Acts

Lord Ripon and the Ilbert Bill: This bill was never passed as the white community protested against the appointment of Indian judges to try Englishmen

Indian Association

• Founded by Surendra Nath Banerji

• He also started the INDIAN NATIONAL CONFERENCE  in 1883 in Calcutta. It attracted leaders from all over India and was described as the first step to a National Parliament.

Indian National Congress

• Founded in 1885

• It was the brainchild of Alan Octavian Hume

• W C Bonnerjee was its first President

• The first session was held in Bombay

• 72 delegates were present in the session.

  
  

Multiple Choice

The Black Acts were unpopular because

• they stopped Indians from publishing anti government articles

• they stopped Indians from carrying arms

• they allowed Indians judges to try Englishmen

• they permitted Indian judges to sit in courts

Multiple Choice

name the association that was founded in 1885

• Indian Association

• Poona Sarvajanik Sabha

• Indian National Congress

• Madras Association

Demands of the Moderates

It wanted the Legislative Councils to be made more representative, given more power, and introduced in provinces where none existed. It demanded that Indians be placed in high positions in the government. For this purpose it called for civil service examinations to be held in India as well, not just in London.

Administrative demands

• separation of the judiciary from the executive,

•  repeal of the Arms Act

• the freedom of speech and expression.

What is Indianisation?

• The demand for Indianisation of the administration was part of a movement against racism.

• Most important jobs at the time were monopolised by white officials, and the British generally assumed that Indians could not be given positions of responsibility

• British officers were sending a large part of their income home.

• After they retired from service a pension was also sent to them

• This resulted in a DRAIN OF WEALTH

Multiple Select

Moderates were members of the Congress who wanted

• more Indians in the Legislative Councils

• Abolition of the Arms Act

• More Indians to be recruited in the administration

• Civil Service Exams to be held in London

• Separation of executive and judiciary

Multiple Choice

Indianisation of services meant

• promoting racial discrimination

• employing only Indians in the administration of India

• employing more Indians in the administration of India

• sending Indians abroad to acquire training in administration

The Moderates accused the British

• for causing famines in India.

• Increased taxes which had impoverished the zamindars and peasants

• export of grain that caused food shortages.

Economic Demands

• Moderates demanded reduction in military expenditure

• More funds for irrigation

• abolition of the salt tax

• better treatment of Indian labourers abroad

• they also demanded better treatment of forest dwellers

How did the voice of the moderates reach the masses?

The Moderates published newspapers and wrote about the unjust rule of the British.

They criticised the British in their speeches.

They sent representatives to different parts of the country to mobilise the people.

Dadabhai Naoroji